Environment

News stories regarding Molokai’s outdoor environment

Small Farms Get Support

Sunday, June 26th, 2011

U.S. Department of Agriculture News Release

Small farms and agri-business are supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) by their Small Business Innovation Grant Program. The department, in collaboration with the local University of Hawaii (UH) Ag program, will be hosting an informational meeting June 27 at 9 a.m., at the Office of Hawaiian Affairs conference room at Kulana `Oiwi. Dr. Suresh Sivapathasun will be the guest speaker.

The Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program at the USDA makes competitively awarded grants to qualified small businesses to support high quality, advanced concepts research related to important scientific problems and opportunities in agriculture that could lead to significant public benefit if successful.

Law of the Minimum

Thursday, June 23rd, 2011

Law of the Minimum

Community contributed by Glenn I. Teves, County Extension Agent

A basic law in farming states that it only takes one missing element to limit the growth of plants, even if all other elements are in abundance. Called the Law of the Minimum, plants will only grow to the potential of the most limiting element.  There are over 17 essential elements vital to plant growth, and each one must be available in the proper amount in relation to plant needs. Many of these elements can be found in our soil and available to the plant, while others must be added for optimal plant growth.


We have over 140 soil types in Hawaii, more than any place in the world, and each soil is a little different: from the sandy coastal soils to the young lava soils of Mauna Kea. The composition of our soil is based on age, rainfall, soil particle size and parent material. Annual rainfall statewide can range from a few inches to over 400 inches, and older, more eroded soils and those in high rainfall areas are usually more weathered, and lack certain nutrients, including potassium, calcium and magnesium. Ho`olehua soil is highly weathered, so calcium and magnesium are in short supply and must be added, but there’s usually adequate potassium, the last number on the fertilizer bag, because the parent material has lots of it.


Phosphorus, the middle number on the fertilizer bag, is another limiting nutrient and is why many use 10-30-10 as a pre-plant fertilizer. The availability of phosphorus can also be affected by soil pH, the level of acidity or alkalinity of a soil. The soil pH should range from 5.5 to 6.5 for most crops. If the pH is too low or acidic, phosphorus will be locked up in the soil structure and is not be available to the plant. Also, compounds such as aluminum and manganese are at toxic levels in low pH soil, and can kill plant roots. However, a few plants prefer acid soils, including sweet potato, gardenia, azalea, camellia, and tea. The red color of the Ho`olehua soil is due to high iron, but is in a form that’s not available to plants.


In areas of very low rainfall, such as Kalamaula, the soil is rich and probably needs little in the way of additional nutrients. In all soils, we usually assume nitrogen is lacking and should always be added. Horse, pig, poultry and cattle manure are good sources of nitrogen fertilizer, but should be aged and not fresh. Old-time farmers use to make manure teas, manure mixed with water, and fed plants small amounts at each watering to grow beautiful crops of lettuce and other leafy vegetables, for example. If your soil is low in certain nutrients, the veggies you eat from that ground will also be low in those same nutrients.


Growers need to know what’s missing in their soil, and one way is by collecting a soil sample. To take a soil sample, take handfuls of soil from a depth of 2-4 inches from many spots on your lot or garden and mix it together in a bucket. Remove about two cups and put it in a sturdy plastic bag. Bring it to our office between 8:30 a.m. and 3:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, and be sure to fill out soil sample forms. There’s a $12 fee for each sample and a check is preferred. We’re located next to the Ho`olehua Post Office. With the high cost of fertilizer, it pays dividends to know exactly what’s missing in your soil and how to correct. And gardening without a soil sample is like baking a cake without a recipe.                        

Feathers of the Rainbow

Monday, June 20th, 2011

Feathers of the Rainbow

There’s no place like home – especially if you’re a pigeon. Molokai Rainbows, Clay Adachi’s business of releasing multi-colored pigeons for events around Molokai, brings smiles to awed onlookers as the birds swirl in unison overhead before heading straight home to their roomy pens in Adachi’s backyard.

“Ninety-nine point nine percent of the time, they all come home,” he said.

Referred to as homing pigeons, racing pigeons (a sport practiced around the world) and carrier pigeons, the species have been used for thousands of years to carry messages hundreds of miles before mail service or the Internet. While the navigation methods pigeons use are highly debated, many scientists believe the birds use the earth’s magnetic field to find their way. Adachi’s birds can fly home all the way from Maui, where he occasionally releases them for training.

Raising birds has been a lifelong passion for Adachi. He developed a special fondness for white pigeons after he was given a pair when he was young. Now, he owns about 150 birds, something he got back into, he said, more than 15 years ago. After that, “I figured I’d rent them out to pay for their own feed,” Adachi explained.

A Day in the Life

He keeps the food coloring mixtures in mayonnaise jars in the fridge, and warms it up before pouring the liquid into a small pan.

“I dip the birds right in and throw them up on the roof to dry,” he chuckled.

It’s important that the dye can dry completely before Adachi puts the pigeons in their boxes to transport for release. If the food coloring is still wet, it will rub onto other birds for some unplanned rainbow colors.

The food coloring is harmless to the health of the birds, though it does pose one challenge: they can’t fly in the rain. The dye, Adachi explained, absorbs water so it inhibits the birds’ ability to fly under wet conditions because their feathers don’t repel water as well.

He began dying the birds’ wings years ago as a way to identify them. That’s how he got the idea to color some of the birds for various occasions – like using red, white and blue birds for veterans’ events.

Events
Larry Helm, commander of Veterans Caring for Veterans, said releasing the patriotic-themed pigeons at veterans’ events is a way of “respecting the veterans to the max.”

“Veterans feel special that they can light up sky with all these colored pigeons in honor of those who have served,” said Helm. “The response has always been ‘wow.’”

Adachi, an Air Force veteran himself, said he’s been releasing birds for the veterans for years, free of charge.

Normally, his rates vary with location, from $75 around Kaunakakai, up to $200 on the island’s east and west ends, according to Adachi.

He flies the Molokai Rainbows at birthdays, weddings, funerals – “anything and everything.” He said he gets a lot of inquiries, and one comes through every couple of months. Since the birds can’t fly in the rain, Adachi said he has to play it by ear, and can offer refunds if the weather falls through.

“We’d love to grow this into more of a business,” Diane Adachi said.

If you’d like to book Molokai Rainbows to add a special touch to your next event, call Adachi at 553-5580 or email dcmolokai@hotmail.com.

Get With the Program

Monday, June 20th, 2011

Get With the Program

A barge-full of opportunities has arrived on Molokai, keeping keiki engaged and entertained all season long. With lots of ways for keiki to play and learn – from playing soccer to picking papayas and, yes, even learning about worm poop – the island has something for every youth.

Seventh-Day Adventist Church

All ages are welcome to attend the Seventh-Day Adventist Church’s Vacation Bible School, which started Monday and continues through this Friday.

“We are hoping that they’ll learn more about God” during the camp, said church member Jaime Herman, who is leading the annual program for the first time this year.

Herman said keiki will learn five character qualities related to Christian principles, including contentment, self-control, diligence, faith and forgiveness.

Although the camp already started, keiki are invited to join Wednesday, Thursday and Friday. Arrive at 5:45 p.m. any night to register. For more information, call Herman at 658-0480.

Department of Parks and Recreation

Whether your keiki wants to swim like a fish or hop like a frog, the Parks and Rec has two upcoming free programs to learn to swim and play volleyball.

Parents can visit the Kaunakakai Gym or pool to register their keiki for the learn-to-swim program, which includes four experience levels. The pre-school level is for 3- and 4-year-olds, while levels one, two and three are for ages 5 and up.

“What we do is assess the kids and put them in the appropriate class,” said Mike Mangca, Maui County’s recreation leader for Molokai.

Classes, which started June 21, are currently being held at the pool on Tuesdays and Thursdays through July 19. They are taught by instructors from Alu Like, a nonprofit organization dedicated to Native Hawaiians, and the county-funded program Play and Learn Sessions (PALS).

Mangca said he is still seeking coaches for the volleyball program, which will begin sometime in July. Coaches interested in volunteering may contact him at the Parks and Recreation Department.
“That’s usually what slows up our programs – there’s not enough coaches,” he said.

In the meantime, you can register for volleyball by visiting the Kaunakakai Gym by a flexible deadline of June 24. Classes will be divided into two age groups: 5 to 8 and 9 to 12, with one group practicing at the gym on Mondays and Wednesdays and the other on Tuesdays and Thursdays.

Molokai Public Library

The library will wrap up its Children’s Summer Reading Program with two final performances.  “Novel Destinations: There’s The Door?” is aimed at teens and young adults, hosted by three storytellers on June 28 at 3 p.m.

In “Irish Folk Tales with Storyteller Niall de Búrca,” this performer returns to Hawaii to tell tales of ancient Ireland in a show recommended for ages 5 and older on July 1 at 2:30 p.m.

Both performances are free. For more information, call the library at 553-1765 or visit www.librarieshawaii.org.

Molokai Baptist Church

With a new soccer field in the back of church property waiting to be used, pastor Randy Manley of the Molokai Baptist Church and volunteer Kurt Go are excited to host an upcoming soccer camp, taught by instructors brought to Molokai by the Colorado-based Uncharted Waters (UW) Sports Ministry.

“That’s why this is a great blessing for us,” said Go, who also serves as athletic trainer to the high school. “Soccer is one of the sports that [UW Sports Ministry] could do, and it was ideal because we have a brand new field.”

Manley added the program is “testing the waters” to potentially start a youth soccer program in the future.

The church will also host a separate basketball camp, to be held in the church’s gym and also taught by instructors brought to Molokai by UW. Both camps run from July 18 to 22.

“We’re… wanting to provide another venue for kids to have some good instructional organized activity during the summertime,” Manley said.

Both camps are available to keiki ages 6 to 12. Keiki ages 4 and 5 can partake in a special group called Team 45, where they’ll learn basic sports skills like throwing, catching, jumping and running.

Camps run from 9 a.m. to 12:15 p.m. and light snacks will be provided, Go said. In addition to learning about basketball or soccer, participants will also learn about scripture in separate morning sessions.

The fee for each camp is $30 per child. Interested parents can register up until the first day of camp by calling the church at 567-6689 or downloading an application from its website, www.molokaibaptist.com.

4-H

Learning about worm poop might not sound so cool at first, until keiki learn that the product – technically called worm castings – are a valuable part of agriculture in a process called vermiculture.

4-H leader Viola Mundrick-Wichman plans to host an introduction class to vermiculture sometime in July, with a date to be announced. While the class is intended for 4-H members, all ages of the public may also attend, she said.

Mundrick-Wichman said the class is an extension of 4-H’s Full Circle and Green Project, in which horse manure is used to fertilize papaya. The papaya seeds, which are natural de-wormers, are then fed to the horses to complete the environmentally-friendly circle.

“The natural progression in our process is to grow worms, grow their castings … and that’s what we use directly into our organic papayas,” Mundrick-Wichman said in describing the vermiculture process.

As another part of the Full Circle and Green Project, families may join 4-H members in picking the papayas every Wednesday on Keonelele Avenue near Howard Farm.

For more information and directions, contact Mundrick-Wichman at 560-6204 or tippy@aloha.com.

Summer Food Service Program


Families are invited to participate in the federally funded Summer Food Service Program to make sure their keiki are well-fed this summer. Put together by the PALS program, the initiative helps keiki who receive free or reduced-price meals during the school year.

Meals are served on a first come, first served basis, so interested parents should call Maui County Recreation Specialist Karen Deguilmo in advance at the PALS office at 270-7403 to be included.  Information about the program – including locations, times, and instructions on how to participate – can also be found by calling the PALS office.

Hawaii’s One-sided Love Affair with GMOs

Sunday, June 19th, 2011

Community Contributed

Monk Seal Habitat Revision

Wednesday, June 15th, 2011

NOAA News Release

Due to the rapid decrease in the Hawaiian monk seal population, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)’s Fisheries Service has proposed to revise the critical habitat area for monk seals, and is inviting public comment.

The proposed revision includes expanding the 1988 critical habitat designation in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, and adding new areas throughout the main Hawaiian Islands.

Naturally Speaking

Thursday, June 9th, 2011

Community Contributed by G.T. Larson

Wind Developer Invites Mana`o

Wednesday, June 8th, 2011

Pattern Energy News Release

In March of this year, Pattern Energy was introduced as the preferred developer for a potential 200 megawatt (MW) wind project on Molokai Properties Ltd. (MPL) lands.  Since that time, Pattern Energy has formed Molokai Renewables LLC and is working with Bio-Logical Capital to explore the project.  We believe that a wind project on Molokai has the potential to help provide a wide range of benefits to the Molokai community and to generate clean energy for Hawaii. 

Save an Endangered Plant

Wednesday, June 8th, 2011

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service News Release

A rare plant, found only in the wet forests of eastern Molokai, was designated an endangered species in 2009. A draft Recovery Plan for the plant, called Phyllostegia hispida, is available for public comment, with the addition of a recent addendum. The draft plan is published by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Phyllostegia hispida, known only by its scientific name, is a nonaromatic member of the mint family (Lamiaceae).  It is a loosely spreading, many-branched vine that often forms large tangled masses, and is known only from the wet forests of eastern Molokai at elevations between 3,650 and 4,200 feet.

Scientists Gather on Molokai to Study Monk Seals

Wednesday, June 8th, 2011

Scientists Gather on Molokai to Study Monk Seals

Community Contributed

By Diane Pike, Molokai Marine Mammal Response Team Coordinator

Two visiting scientists joined NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) researchers on Molokai last week to study the diet and feeding behavior of the Hawaiian monk seal.   

The team collected scat (seal poop) samples and tagged animals.  Researchers caught seals to deploy cellphone tags that collect detailed information on animal movements and diving behavior.  This allows researchers to identify important feeding locations for the seals.  

Dr. Charles Littnan, the lead scientist for NOAA’s Monk Seal Research Program, described the findings to date, “We have learned that a lot of monk seals from Molokai feed along Penguin Bank and the west coast of the island from shallow waters down to 350 feet or deeper.”  

The research this week was building upon over four years of work on resident seals.

Dr. Alex Karamanlidis, a Greek researcher working on the endangered Mediterranean monk seal, has come to Hawaii to share experiences between the two seal programs in a hope to recover both species.  The two types of seals separated some 12-15 million years ago but find themselves in the same dangerous position of near extinction today.


“Despite being separated by 8,500 miles, Mediterranean and Hawaiian monk seal face similar threats and conservation challenges,” Karamanlidis said.  

Having never been to Hawaii or observing wild monk seals, Dr. Karamanlidis was struck by the differences between the two seals.  “Mediterranean monk seals are often in conflict with humans and haul out in remote and inaccessible sea caves. As a Mediterranean monk seal researcher, it was a unique experience for me to visit the beautiful island of Molokai and see monk seals hauling out on pristine coral beaches.”

Dash Masland, a National Geographic Young Explorer from Maine, has come to Hawaii to help NOAA better understand the diet Hawaiian monk seals.  Masland’s research is funded by a National Geographic Channel grant that was awarded based on public voting on the internet during a month long competition.  Masland received 60 percent of the 40,000 total votes, sending her to Hawaii.  

Masland plans to use genetics to identify important fish in the feces of monk seals.  “I was floored by all the wonderful feedback I received during the National Geographic competition and how much the world cares about the Hawaiian monk seal,” she said. “I really hope that I can use my expertise to help everyone better understand the seals.  The last three days at La`au have been amazing!”

The Hawaiian monk seal population is currently estimated at around 1,100 seals, with about 200 in the main Hawaiian Islands.  NOAA Fisheries is working to understand and solve the causes of the population decline in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands and find ways to manage the small and growing population of seals in main eight islands.  

“Collaborations like this trip with scientists, managers and the community are critical for the future of the species,” Littnan said. “We need to find solutions for recovery and coexistence of man and seals.”  

More research and outreach will continue on Molokai in the future.